This research project explores the theories and work of Japanese and Western scientists in the field of robotics and AI. I ask what differences exist in the approach and expectations of Japanese and Western AI scientists, and I show how these variances came about.
Because the Western media often cites Shinto as the reason for the Japanese affinity for robots, I ask what else has shaped Japan’s harmonious feelings for intelligent machines. Why is Japan eager to develop robots, and particularly humanoid ones? I also aim to discover if religion plays a role in shaping AI scientists’ research styles and perspectives. In addition, I ask how Western and Japanese scientists envision robots/AI playing a role in our lives. Finally, I enquire how the issues of roboethics and rights for robots are perceived in Japan and the West.
The fields of robotic technology and AI are closely related and often overlap. Robotics falls under the umbrella of artificial intelligence research. Both “The New Oxford Dictionary of English” and Japan’s authoritative “Kojien” dictionary define artificial intelligence as the performance by computer systems of tasks normally requiring human intelligence. Meanwhile, “The New Oxford Dictionary of English” describes a robot as “a machine that is capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically, especially one programmable by a computer.” The “Kojien” dictionary says a robot is a “complicated man-made automaton, an artificial person or cyborg, a machine for work or a machine that is controlled to perform automatically.
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